Theorists

Albert Bandura

- Idea that the media can implant ideas into the minds of the audience directly, this also contrasts with a similar scenario that aggressive behavior can lead to the imitation of those actions by the audiences.

Moral panics theory:
Moral panic occurs when something is illustrated by the media as a threat or danger towards society. Stanley Cohen, the main theorist suggests that the media over sensationalize behavior that have the capability of challenging the normal.

Hypodermic needle theory:
This theory suggests that media messages are injected directly into the audiences. The theory also highlights how powerful the media is as it's physically able to shape someones view of something and change it into something else. A key example of this theory would be the worldwide event WW2 where the Germans were brain washed through the use of propaganda into believing whatever they were told.

Marilyn Manson:
Manson is best known for being an American signer, songwriter and producer although he gained a reputation in the media as a controversial figure and a negative influence for younger people. He studied at a Christian school where the teachers would aim to educate them on their music choice such as what is wrong and and what is right - unfortunately Manson fell in love with the wrong type!

Natural born killers:
This is a crime film which tells the story of two traumatic childhoods where these people grew up to become lovers and mass murders all in which are intensified by the media.

George Gerbner - cultivation theory 

- The idea that exposure to repeated patterns over a long period of time can shape how we perceive the world. A criticism of this theory is that when people watch a film which endures a lot of violence and fighting the audience aren't usually effected however, if you were to place that scene in front of them in real life these actions would impact them in a whole new way.

Audience

 - Audience is the term used to describe a large number of people who participate by showing an interest to a product in the media

Demographic profiling

A- Bankers, lawyers, doctors

B - teachers, graphic designers

C1 - nurses, junior management 

C2 - plumbers, builders, blue collar jobs

D - semi skilled and unskilled workers

E - unemployed, students, pensioners

• Letters A,B,C are the categories which most media target, these people have Professions such as Lawyers, Teachers or managers. 

• Letters C2, D, E are targeted at the people who don't make much money e.g. plumbers, unemployed or builders. These people are stereotyped as those who read the sun or watch soaps and reality TV.

Psycho-graphic profiling

Main streamers - they are the largest group with lots of money.

Aspires - they seek status meaning that they are driven by image.

Succeeders - these people want to make it in the career, they aren't driven by the money.

Resigned - they are usually elder people who are interested in events which have happened in the past.

Explorers - these people seek discovery and want to embrace individualism.

Struggles - these people tend to be very disorganised, they often purchase items that they don't need such as alcohol or lottery tickets.

Reformers - they have freedom of personal growth and they care about the well being of their environment.

Types of audiences

Target Audience - The particular age group 

Niche audience - A specific audience 

Stuart Hall 

Reception theory - dominant, negotiated and oppositional 

Interactive audiences

Participatory culture - all taking part in something e.g. a new game 

Event television - A final of something e.g. Strictly Come Dancing

Prosumer - A producer and a consumer e.g. a You Tuber

Industries

Acronym to remember the main film industry companies - '20 Purple Unicorn's Walk Sausage Dogs'

- 20th Century Fox
- Paramount Pictures
- Universal Pictures
- Warner Brothers
- Sony Pictures
- Disney

Representation

 - In today's lesson we were shown an Acronym for Representation - DRCAGES

D - Disability

R - Regionalism

C - Class 

A - Age 

G - Gender 

E - Ethnicity

S - Sexuality

Stereotypes - Short cuts so that she audience automatically understand and believe them. 

Archetypes - Used as the ultimate stereotype e.g. 'brainless blondes'

Counter types - Representation which challenges traditional stereotypes such as groups of people or places.  

Stereotypical adverts:

Advert 1

Advert 2





Advert 3






Representation pack

Boyz in da hood

Film language analysis

Camera 

F - Frame
A - Actor
M - Movement

The first image that we see is a zoomed in shot of a STOP sign, this could connote the idea that racism needs to be prevented as it's almost out of control. The sign is red which could have connotations to danger, power and strength, all of these ideas sum racism up in a nut shell. We are then presented with a pan right to left as the camera shows drawings completed by the class which is then panned over to show the class environment. A long shot is used to show the entire class working and listening to the teacher, this type of camera frame is normally used if there are many people in the scene so that they can all be identified.

Editing

S - Screen time
T - Transitions
O - Order of narrative
P - Pace
S - Special effects

Within the short clip the character with the most amount of screen time was definitely the young boy, this causes the audience to imagine that he is one of the main characters. The transitions are mostly just straight cuts however, when we are shown the paintings/drawings the images dissolve slowly. From when we see the children walking to school until the fight scene breaks out I would hazard a guess that about 40 minutes to an hour have passed. Although after the fighting scene in the classroom we see the young boy walking home from school which then means that hours have passed since the fight.

Sound

M - Music
C - Contropontal/parallel
D - Diegetics
O - Offscreen
V - Voiceover
E - Emotion
D - Dialogue

As soon as the film opens we can hear a voiceover of a person speaking about death, which is then supported by diegetic sounds of cars and gun shots. The voiceovers and offscreen sounds continue when the officer begins to talk, this is then placed against the diegetic sounds of a mixture of sirens. When the children are walking up to the police investigation scene the music is contrapuntal as the gentle soft music doesn't quite replicate the tragic images. The dialogue of the teacher is rude and ignorant, we can identify this by the tone of voice that she uses when she communicates with the children and especially the mother. When the boy is walking home we hear an offscreen conversation between two people, which we find out to be the teacher and the mother. This is then supported by the dietetic sounds coming from the boys having a fight on the side of the road.

Mise en scene

C - Costume
L - Lighting
A - Actors
M - Makeup
P - Props
S - Setting

Throughout the clip the characters all wear casual clothing and the costume that the teacher wears is very traditional for her job in particular. Most of the children are black and they have strong personalities, this is most likely due to the environment that they are surrounded in - the idea of nature vs nurture. The teachers body language makes us view her as someone that sees themself above everyone else, this is sort of language is shown though the facial expression of the mother when the teacher questions her intelligence level. The setting throughout this clip is of a rundown street with a school in the middle of it, near the entrance to the school there is a crime scene which is observed by the young children, essentially exposing them to danger.

Sound, Camera, Mise en scene and Editing

Ghost ship film language analysis

Camera

F - Frame

A - Angle

M - Movement

The angle of the camera at the beginning is below the water which pans up to a long shot of the ship, this is first time that she ship is seen by the audience. As the camera then moves onto a birds eye view of the people on the ship, we can then gather that the movements of the camera are slow and calming just like the waves. Moving through the clip we are presented with a close up of the wired blade, then the same shot is taken seconds later where we are shown a bloody dripping piece of wire. Once we gather what has just happened the camera turns back onto the little girl, a POV shot is shown here as she looks up at the man who was protecting her. Once the girl produces a piercing scream the camera then moves to show the same long shot of the boat at the beginning then the camera pans down to disappear back into the ocean.

Editing

S - Screen time
T - Transitions
O - Order of narrative
P - Pace
S - Special effects

Within Ghost ship the characters in this clip alone that get the most screen time are arguably the signer in the red dress and the young girl. Most of the transitions are just straight cuts until the death scene at the end where the images dissolve as the camera shows each of the dead people. The order of narrative in this scenario would likely be about 30 - 40 minutes as not a lot of time has passed. The pace is quite steady for the majority of the clip, this reflects the calm environment that a cruise ship presents you with. Although the pace does turns slow motion when the bodies are falling,  this type of pace has been used to dramatise the actions causing us to consider the pain in which these characters are going through. In this clip the only special effects are when the bodies are being sliced open and when they fall over by themselves.

Mise en scene

C - Costumes
L - Lighting
A - Actors
M - Makeup
P - Props
S - Setting

All costumes are formal and create this imagery of posh wealthy people, the signer wears a red dress which could be used to foreshadow the bloody scenes that follow later. The lighting is natural with a slight tinge which creates a romance feel however, once the lever is pulled the lighting then turns very cold and blue indicating this idea of death. The actors seem pleased with life through their happy enjoyable facial expressions, they are all dancing to the music which signifies that they are having fun. All makeup is natural although the signer has darker eye makeup to perhaps enhance her beauty and importance seen as she is the centre of everyone's entertainment. Every prop has an expensive aspect about it e.g. the Champagne. However, the lever and she sharp tongs on the wire illustrate danger which is then enhanced by the blue tinge of the frame. The ship looks of a high quality standard which links back to the idea that its perhaps a holiday for upper class families/couples.

Sound 

M - Music
C - Contropontial/parallel
D - Diegetic/Non - Diegetic
O - Offscreen
V - Voiceover
E - Emotion
D - Dialogue

Music is relaxing and is sung in a different language although, the signing stops once the flowers are chopped in half. This creates a suspenseful atmosphere as it leaves the audience wondering if the lady is still alive. The sound is contrapuntal once the lever is pulled and blade begins to spin, as we have the lady signing a sweet happy song against a fatal weapon. However, at the beginning of the clip when the couples are dancing to the lady singing the sound is parallel to the images being shown. When the camera shifts to a different room the music becomes offscreen and sort of muffled although its still heard through the walls. Once the bodies begin to fall after being sliced in half we are presented with non - diegetic sounds as we hear their physical painful noises as they die. The sound within creates a calming emotion which completely relaxes you, this is then enhanced by the only dialogue being the signer as we have no choice but to really study the movements and listen to the beautiful song.

Sound

In today's lesson we were shown an acronym for sound - MCDOVED

M - Music, the music that we can hear which is parallel to the images

C - Contrapuntal, when the music doesn't go with the images

D - Diegetic, which is the sound within the shot and non - diegetic is the voice overs and special effects sound.

O - Off screen, when the sound is elsewhere

V - Voice over, hearing thoughts or narrating, very similar to a documentary

E - Emotion, the sound makes you feel something

D - Dialogue, what and how it's said, also why it has been said.



Wonder women 
At the beginning of this short clip we are presented with vigorous music which is parallel to an image of a women with a fierce facial expression. The sound gradually turns diegetic as the powerful music from the beginning is still being heard however, we can now hear artillery bombs blowing up alongside petrified people shouting. Following shortly after there are great examples of emotional dialogue, specifically at the beginning where we can physically feel the pain in the women's voice. This lady is speaking in a different language which is quite interesting, us as an audience are only able to tell that she is crying out for help due to the support of the subtitles. The dialogue overall is very forceful, especially when the women is insisting that she needs to help the people surrounding her. Gradually as we move further throughout the clip the powerful music from the beginning returns, it continues to stay paralleled becuase the image shown is of Wonder Women stepping out onto no mans land. Once she is standing her ground non diegetic special effect sounds from her lazer armour which are designed to restrict the bullets coming towards her. To finish the clip we hear diegetic sounds